A molecular approach to quantify root community composition in a northern hardwood forest — testing effects of root species, relative abundance, and diameter
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چکیده
Research on root community structure is currently limited by the methodologies available. We evaluated a molecular-sequence-based approach to quantify the relative abundance of roots from different plant species in mixed samples. We extracted DNA from mixtures of roots, amplified the trnL intron by polymerase change reaction, and identified up to 60 clones from each mixture. We tested the effects of root diameter and species on sequence representation in mixtures. Species were correctly identified in our mixtures. Recovery efficiencies were low for root diameter classes >0.3 mm compared with those <0.3 mm, and species in high abundance in the mixture had relatively low recovery efficiency. American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) was quantitatively underrepresented compared with yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britton) and white ash (Fraxinus americana L.). Root identification by sequencing is accurate and can readily be applied to novel systems without new primer development. This technique will be attractive for documenting changes in relative abundances of species, especially as the cost of sequence-based analyses drops. However, the results of such analyses must be considered carefully, as root diameter distribution, abundances, and species can introduce quantifiable biases in the estimation of relative root abundance. Résumé : La recherche sur la structure des communautés racinaires est limitée par les méthodes disponibles. Les auteurs ont donc évalué l’emploi d’une approche basée sur les séquences moléculaires dans le but de quantifier l’abondance relative des racines de diverses espèces de plantes dans des échantillons mixtes. L’ADN a été extrait des mélanges de racines, puis amplifié par réaction en chaı̂ne par polymérase pour l’intron trnL, ce qui a permis d’identifier jusqu’à 60 clones pour chaque mélange. Les effets du diamètre des racines et de l’espèce sur la représentation des séquences dans les mélanges ont été étudiés. Les espèces ont été identifiées correctement dans les mélanges. Le taux de récupération des espèces était faible dans les classes de diamètre des racines > 0,3 mm, comparativement aux classes de diamètre < 0,3 mm; les espèces très abondantes dans le mélange avaient un taux de récupération relativement faible. Le hêtre d’Amérique (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.) était quantitativement sous-représenté comparativement au bouleau jaune (Betula alleghaniensis Britton) et au frêne blanc (Fraxinus americana L.). L’identification des racines par le séquençage est précise et peut être appliquée directement à de nouveaux systèmes sans avoir à développer de nouvelles amorces. Cette approche sera intéressante pour documenter les changements dans l’abondance relative des espèces, spécialement à mesure que le coût des analyses basées sur le séquençage décroı̂t. Cependant, les résultats de telles analyses doivent être examinés avec précaution étant donné que l’espèce, l’abondance et la distribution diamétrale des racines peuvent introduire des biais quantifiables dans l’estimation de l’abondance relative des racines de différentes espèces. [Traduit par la Rédaction]
منابع مشابه
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تاریخ انتشار 2010